Breast Milk A Liquid Source Of Food Made By Mothers Essay

Introduction Breast milk is a liquid source of food made by mothers’ breasts for her children. It is formed in response to pregnancy, so also at the suckling of a baby at the breast (breastfeeding). Breast milk consumption provides the child with a complete nutrition as well as protection against infections, diseases, and illnesses. Having said these information’s about Breast milk, it reveals how important Breast milk is to baby’s life. Breastfeeding is the act of feeding babies with milk from a women’s breast. Recommended by world health organization (WHO), it should be initiated within the first hour after birth with exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months of age and appropriate complementary foods up to two years of age or beyond. (Jiang, et al., 2015). But, with the nature of life, medical conditions or health related reasons, early returning to work and convenience sake, a large proportion of mothers rely on breast pumps/expression to feed their infants, prefers exclusive milk expressing to direct feeding at the breast as a way of breast milk feeding immediately after giving birth. So at this junction as breast milk expression (breast pumping) has now become very common and current as an important dimension of breastfeeding behavior, many studies have been researched on its impact on breast feeding duration as this paper is about study on evaluation of the impact of breast milk expression in early postpartum period on breastfeeding duration, a prospective Cohort studyShow MoreRelatedBenefits Of Extended Breast Feeding And Link Between Chronic Disease1961 Words   |  8 Pages Aynslie Skye Glendenning Nutrition 101 2/01/2016 The Benefits of Extended Breast Feeding and Link between Chronic Disease â€Å"Breast milk is widely acknowledged as the most complete form of nutrition for infants, with a range of benefits for infants health, growth, immunity and development.† (Healthy People 2010, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) The nutritional benefits of breastfeeding a newborn are known; however new studies are showing that extended breastfeeding is linked to preventingRead MoreIs Fluoride A Natural Occurring Element?1544 Words   |  7 PagesHazard Assessment Sources Fluoride is a natural occurring element found abundantly in the Earth’s crust. It is widely distributed in the lithosphere and is the 13th most common element in the earth’s crust (Lennon et al., 2004, pg. 2). It is found in seawater at a concentrations between 1.2–1.4 mg/L, in groundwater at concentrations up to 67 mg/L, and in most surface waters at concentrations below 0.1 mg/L (IPCS, 2002). While all foods contain traces of fluoride, water and non-dairy beverages areRead MoreThe Benefits of Breastfeeding Over Bottle Feeding Essay2299 Words   |  10 PagesAll mothers want what is best for their children, and while health care professionals encourage breastfeeding as the natural feeding choice, many mothers still choose to feed their babies with artificial milk. The 2014 Breastfeeding Report Card states that only 19% of women nationwide were exclusively breastfeeding their babies at 6 months of age. While 2-5% of women physically cannot breastfeed, this leave s around 80% of women who have made the choice to feed their infant artificially (Centers forRead MoreEssay Breastfeeding: Numerous Benefits for Mom and Baby2793 Words   |  12 Pagesknow how good breast milk is for a child. Nowadays, mothers blame their busy schedules and use it as an excuse to formula feed their baby. Breastfeeding does not only benefit the baby, but also the mother. The benefits of breastfeeding are so abundant, mothers shouldnt ever consider feeding their baby formula. Breastfeeding: Nipple, Breast all the Rest Today, breasts have gained the image of a sex symbol. Society forgets the main purpose women were blessed with breasts. Breasts were initiallyRead MoreA Study on Factors Affecting Infant Feeding Practices of Mothers in the Philippines6709 Words   |  27 PagesSTUDY ON FACTORS AFFECTING INFANT FEEDING PRACTICES OF MOTHERS IN THE PHILIPPINES Santos, Samuel Edelson Pingol, Aaron Paul Villanueva, Lovely Ann Bermas, Mhelrick Andrew Brecia, Froyland Miguel Faustino, Donald Bulacan State University BSECE 2A Introduction Every day, as many as 4,000 infants and young children die worldwide because they are not breastfed. According to UNICEF (United Nations Children’s Fund), it is because their mothers are not empowered with adequate knowledge about breastfeedingRead MoreHiv ( Human Immunodeficiency Virus ) Essay2078 Words   |  9 Pagesto getting infections. (aids.gov) HIV is transmitted parenteral or sexually. (Palmisano, Vella) Around 1 and 4 people living with HIV in the United States are women. In 2014 women made up 19% (8,328) of estimate HIV diagnosis in the United States. (cdc.gov) In the 19% of women infected with HIV, many of whom are mothers, affects the life expectancy of infants during the pregnancy, birth, and gestational period. Breastfeeding in terms of gestational feeding has become a gateway of transferring theRead MoreNewborn Care7523 Words   |  31 Pagesformula is patterned after breast milk. Also, if I feel your baby has any special feeding needs, I’ve taken this into account when coming to my decision. After careful consideration, I’ve recommended the infant formula that I feel best meets the nutritional needs of your baby for the first full year of life. You can accept my recommendation with complete confidence. Contents [pic] ⠝â€" Getting Started ⠝â€" Feeding Your Newborn No Cow’s Milk Feeding Times How Much IsRead MoreFood Taboos2861 Words   |  12 PagesFood Taboos â€Å"Would You Eat Breast Milk Cheese?† (Hamm, 2010). I have shown this headline to multiple people and have received the same reaction from everyone. Most of these people I work with at a daycare. We all handle and serve breast milk on a daily basis. Also we watch mothers nurse their infants. Yet, the reaction did not surprise me, even with this comfort level with human breast milk. This reaction falls along the line of disgust and shock. One person even reacted with a sharp reply ofRead MoreHow Bpa Can Be Released Into Food2074 Words   |  9 PagesBackground Often do we purchase canned food, bottled water or soap without a second though in regards which chemicals are used to produce these items. Chemical such as bisphenol A (BPA), triclosan (TCS) and triclocarban (TCC) are used by manufacturers in their products. BPA is used to produce polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins and in the manufacturing process of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) organosols (Paloma, Quesada, Nadal, 2015). Water bottles, food storage containers, baby bottles and otherRead MoreChemical Such As Bisphenol A ( Bpa )1831 Words   |  8 Pagestriclosan (TCS) and triclocarban (TCC) are often be found in our food, water, and personal products. BPA is used to produce polycarbonate plastics, epoxy resins and in the manufacturing process of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) organosols (Paloma, Quesada, Nadal, 2015). Water bottles, food storage containers, baby bottles and other products are designed using polycarbonate (Cao, et al., 2011). BPA is also used in the coating of me tal food and beverage cans and metal lids in glass jars (Cao, et al., 2011)

A Brief Note On Gay And Lesbian Families - 874 Words

What is a family? To many people this question is easy. People that are blood related and share the same beliefs. Now a day a family is a group of people that love and care for one another. There are many different types of families in America. One of the types of families is same sex parent families. Gay and lesbian families are when two people of the same sex starting a family. Some usually were married to the opposite sex before. Most gay and lesbian couples lack legal rights to support their relationship. As I write this, 13 states allow same-sex marriages, 35 states prohibit them(Henslin 471). Gay and lesbian families are more growing than people think. There are many more gay and lesbian partners and they are starting families. Gay men and women can have children by adoption, co-parenting arrangements (between lesbians male gay couples), donor fertilization, and surrogacy. â€Å"Today, more and more gay and lesbian couples are becoming parents, whether through artificial insemination, a surrogate or LGBT adoption. LifeLong Adoptions caters to heterosexual couples, single parents and gay lesbian families† (lifelong adoption). There are many advantages of letting same sex parents adopt children. One they children is better off than foster care system. â€Å"Good parenting is not influenced by sexual orientation. Rather, it is influenced most profoundly by a parent’s ability to create a loving and nurturing home – an ability that does not depend on whether a parent is gayShow MoreRelatedIntervention : A Therapeutic Intervention Essay1710 Words   |  7 PagesIntervention Maria’s presenting problem involves coming out as a lesbian to her homophobic extended family members. This client’s inability to comfortably come out calls for an approach that is not only goal-oriented in nature, but simultaneously culturally component in its approach to minorities. Solution-focused brief therapy is a therapeutic intervention that emphasizes formulating solution strategies for an individual’s problems opposed to discussing the origin of the problems themselves (deRead MoreDont Ask Dont Tell Outline Essay842 Words   |  4 Pagesaudience of the Don’t Ask Don’t Tell policy and give a brief history of events. Central idea: According to my class survey the majority had little or no knowledge of the Don’t Ask Don’t Tell policy, so I am going to explain how it came to be. Introduction I.Fundamental beliefs A.Military Service Workers 1.Honorable 2.Courageous B. Service Members Turned Away 1.Openly gay 2.Ended careers of over 11,000 service members II.By listening to a brief history of the Don’t Ask Don’t Tell policy you willRead MoreIs Homosexuality Or Not?1491 Words   |  6 Pagesthe same genes or DNA. They are nurtured in the same prenatal conditions. If homosexuality is caused by genetics or prenatal conditions and one twin is gay, the other twin should also be homosexual right? Identical twins are always genetically identical, homosexuality cannot be genetically dictated (Whitehead, 2015). â€Å"No-one is born gay,† he notes. The predominant things that create homosexuality in one identical twin were not found in the other twin. Dr. Whitehead believes same-sex attraction (SSA)Read MoreIs Homosexuality Or Not?1707 Words   |  7 Pagesdictated (Whitehead, 2015). â€Å"No-one is born gay,† he states. The main things that create homosexuality in one identical twin were not found in the other twin. Dr. Whitehead believes same-sex attraction is caused by things happening to one twin but not the ot her, or a personal response to an event by one of the twins and not the other. One twin might have exposure to pornography or sexual abuse, but not the other. One twin may understand and respond to their family or classroom environment differently thanRead MoreSocial Constructionism : Sociology, History, And Philosophy940 Words   |  4 Pagesmeals and taking care of her children, whereas the husband would be seen as the breadwinner, who works outside of the home to provide for the family. However, in â€Å"Social Constructionism: Sociology, History, and Philosophy,† Steven Seidman notes that when women started to go to college, work outside of home and lived without a man, they were considered a lesbian. On the other hand, if a masculine male even had sex with a feminine male, he was not considered a homosexual, but rather a fairy. For malesRead MoreData Analysis. In This Chapter, I Compare And Contrast1718 Words   |  7 Pagesrepresentations of gender and motherhood in t wo pop culture sites—the film The Kids Are All Right, the television series The Fosters. My intention is to examine representations of gender and motherhood and uncover these discourses affect lesbian parents and lesbians more broadly. The following sections divide into individual discussions of each cultural text to reveal the cogs within each site. I then compare and contrast both texts to investigate the tensions between both productions and how the discoursesRead MoreIn This Chapter, I Present How Two Pop Cultural Sites—The1713 Words   |  7 Pagesdiscourses thematically collude. Finally, this comparative analysis considers the disciplinary discourse that develops in accord with gender and motherhood. The Kids Are All Right, but are the representations? The Kids Are All Right (TKAAR) follows lesbian couple Nic and Jules. Nic is a physician with a type-A personality and Jules is laissez-faire in her demeanor. Each mother became pregnant with the same unknown sperm donor. Consequently, they share in parenting their two children, Joni and LaserRead MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal in All States1632 Words   |  7 Pagesbeen Gay Marriage. Whether same-sex couples should be given the right to marry or even if same-sex couples should be given rights at all, this has been a contentious discussion which creates division and disunity throughout the country. The Supreme Court of the United States ruled that the Constitution guarantees a right to same-sex marriage. Gay marriage has been legalized in 17 states. But only 19 of 194 countries allow for gay marriage. Statistics show more than half the country supports Gay MarriageRead MoreHomosexualiy and the Catholic Church Essay1568 Words   |  7 PagesHomosexualiy and the Catholic Church For us in Scotland homosexuality is one of the most prominent issues in Church and society today. Gay-rights advocates and activists are pushing a strong political agenda from the left#8212;job benefits for domestic partners, civil recognition for gay marriages, the right to bear ones own children via reproductive technologies, equal access to adoption, anti-discrimination statutes. At the same time, the government has changed legislation regarding theRead MoreBlack Lesbian And Gay Families7002 Words   |  29 Pagesmarriage for Black families. This article will discuss the available research on Black lesbian and gay families, highlighting both the strengths and challenges these families negotiate. Focusing on the resources Black lesbian and gay families provide to the Black community, such as foster parenting and adopting Black children, mentoring runaway and throwaway Black youth and leadership on Black social justice issues, this article will demonstrate the value of Black lesbia n gay families towards the larger

Hamlet Act II Close Reading Free Essays

William Shakespeare uses many types of literary devices to describe the very principle of Hamlet’s true battle. Hamlet compares himself to a â€Å"peasant slave† and to the talented actor, whom could give a convincing performance without feeling the true emotion. After his visit with the ghost (his supposed father), he has been dedicated to the idea of plotting revenge of his uncle-father. We will write a custom essay sample on Hamlet Act II Close Reading or any similar topic only for you Order Now Although, it is difficult for Hamlet to perform this horrific act, because of his disgust of the emotionless scheming revenge. Lastly, for Hamlet to try and convince himself to follow through with this scheme, he arranges a trap to have Claudius unknowingly reveal that he is guilty. In the beginning of Hamlet’s soliloquy, he compares himself to a â€Å"rogue and peasant slave†, which points out that Hamlet is frustrated with himself. In this metaphor, Hamlet feels terrible that the actor could shed more emotion, and force his soul to feel made up feelings in a work of make-believe. The use of visual imagery is used when Hamlet describes his acting, â€Å"That from her working all his visage waned, tears in his eyes, distraction in his aspect, a broken voice, and his whole function suiting†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Here Hamlet is amazed by how easily the actor could show such emotion, and he even says â€Å"what would he do, had he the motive and the cue for passion that I have? † He knows that actor would be even more tremendous if that was the case, because the use of a hyperbole is noted when he says, â€Å"He would drown the stage with tears and cleave the general ear with horrid speech. After stating the above facts, Hamlet then looks at himself and sees himself as pathetic. His reflection of himself, describes that he is an unattractive, uncourageous mischief and protests that he primarily just mopes around and has no motivation to plot revenge and doubts his ability to achieve it. Another literary device utilized is the rhetorical questions he asks himself, â€Å"Am I a coward? Who calls me a â€Å"villain†? Breaks my pate across? Plucks off my beard and blows it in my face? Tweaks me by the nose? Gives me the lie I’ th’ throat as deep to the lungs? Again doubting himself for his lack of motivation. A bit of foreshadowing also takes place after these questions, when he asks another rhetorical question, â€Å"who does me this? ‘Swounds, I should take it†¦Ã¢â‚¬  which could possibly take place later on in the play, that someone will call him out, and there is only one reason why someone would; his revenge on Claudius. Hamlet creates a conflict with himself deciding whether to go or not to go through with this horrific s cheme, but he reminds himself that his father’s life has been stolen so he must seek his revenge. Hamlet is planning to have the â€Å"players play something like the murder of [his] father before [his] uncle† that he can â€Å"observe his [his uncle’s] looks† to judge his guilt. Hamlet concludes to himself that â€Å"[he] know [his course]† of what to do if his uncle â€Å"do blench† or flinch. Shakespeare uses personification on the word murder, for he states that â€Å"murder, though it have no tongue, will speak with most miraculous organ†, referring to the situation of murder being able to speak through the actors. This is significant because it is a step forward towards Hamlet’s plot of revenge. Although, Hamlet may believe that â€Å"the spirit that [he] have seen may be the devil and devil hath power t’assume a pleasing shape†, this symbolizes the use of hell imagery and portrays the theme eye of the beholder. The devil can be very convincing and can disguise itself as something or someone we desire and enjoy. So, with that being said Hamlet concludes that â€Å"[he’ll] have grounds more relative than this. The play’s the thing wherein [he’ll] catch the conscience of the king. † How to cite Hamlet Act II Close Reading, Papers

Project Report IT Security

Question: Write about the Project Reportfor IT Security. Answer: Introduction to Information Security Social Engineering refers to the art that includes the manipulation of the users in such a manner that they end up giving their confidential information to the malevolent entities. The information that the attackers may try to retrieve through these attacks may vary and it involves tricking the users such that they give out details such as user credentials, payment details and likewise. There are various social engineering techniques that the attackers make use of in order to retrieve confidential information from the users. One of the most common techniques is the phishing scams in order to obtain the personal information from the users. Phishing refers to the malicious activity of sending fraudulent emails to the customers in order to retrieve personal information from them by tricking the users. Embedded links and suspicious URLs are also used in order to execute the phishing attacks. Another form of social engineering attacks is pretexting in which the attackers create a fabricated scenario in order to obtain the personal information from the users. These attacks are used to acquire sensitive as well as non-sensitive information from the users. Baiting is another social engineering technique that is executed in order to gain personal information from the users. This attack is similar to the phishing attacks; however, these attacks make use of an offer or a produ ct to attract the users. Quid pro quo attacks are also the social engineering attacks in which the attackers promise the users to provide them an advantage or benefit in exchange of the information that they acquire from the users. Tailgating is also one of the most common social engineering techniques in which an unauthorized entity gains entry in to an authenticated area through illegal methods. There are numerous prevention mechanisms that may be used in order to prevent the social engineering attacks. The first and the foremost mechanism are to be aware of the social engineering attacks and their techniques. The users shall seek information regarding the attack types and techniques to prevent the execution of these attacks. Also, the users must never share their personal information with any party over the network. There are certain classes of information that the attackers target upon which include the demographic details of the users, payment information, user credentials and likewise. The users must make sure that they understand these information types and keep them protected. Organizations must also carry out trainings and awareness sessions for the users in order to make them aware about the common social engineering techniques and measures to detect and prevent the same. It is also extremely necessary to keep the software and systems up to date in order to avoid the specific types of attacks that are common to a certain version of the software or the system. Two-fold authentication along with blocking of malicious URLs and links shall be done with the aid of enhanced authentication measures and the use of firewalls (Alheyasat, 2015). Social engineering attacks are on an increasing pace in the current scenario. As per the trends, it has been observed that the frequency of these attacks will increase in the coming days as the attackers will have newer forms of access points and increased number of users over the network. It is required for the users to have a certain technical knowledge on the security attacks in order to keep their information safe and secure at all times. Also, there are enhanced privacy policies that are required to be set up in order to avoid any of the malicious entry in to the system. Cryptography Cryptography is a technique that leads to the enhancement of secure communication over the network by making use of various techniques and one of the techniques is encryption of information. Encryption of information refers to the process of converting an information piece in to the secure form which is known as encrypted form which can only be decoded or decrypted with the help of a key which may be public, private or shared in nature. There are broadly two types of encryption techniques that have been created. One of the techniques is the symmetric encryption and the other technique is the asymmetric encryption. Symmetric key encryption is the type of encryption that makes use of a common key for the encryption as well as decryption of the information. The encrypted text is referred as the cipher text in the terminology of cryptography. Some of the examples of symmetric key encryption include Data Encryption Standard (DES), Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), Triple Data Encryption Standard (3DES), Blowfish, Twofish and many more. In these cryptography algorithms, a private key is used for converting the plain text in to the cipher text which is referred as encryption of information and the same key is used for converting the cipher text to the plain text which is known as decrypting the information. Most of the symmetric key algorithms make use of block cipher i.e. in these algorithms blocks of data are encrypted rather than one bit at a time. Asymmetric encryption algorithms on the other hand make use of different keys for the encryption and decryption of information. The interdependency in this case enhances the security of the information that is transmitted over the network. Some of the common asymmetric encryption algorithms include Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange, RSA algorithm (Rivest, Shamir and Adleman), hash functions and many more. Hash algorithms that come under the asymmetric encryption algorithms return a value on the basis of the hash function that is applied. If there is any change in the data or information that is transmitted over the network, the hash value is also modified. There are various differences in the two encryption algorithms that are used for cryptography. Apart from the difference in the use of keys between the two types of encryption algorithms, asymmetric algorithms put a higher computational burden as compared to its counterpart. The major ability of the asymmetric algorithm is that it has the capability to create a secure medium over the non-secure or less secure channel. Symmetric algorithms on the other hand are extremely fast in nature as they make use of a common key for encryption as well as decryption of algorithm. The ease of implementation is also higher in the case of symmetric algorithms as compared to the asymmetric algorithms. Cryptography is an essential technique that is being used by the users and organizations all across the globe. The encryption algorithms that have been defined under cryptography ensure that information that is shared and transmitted over the network is kept secure and protected and the properties of the information such as its confidentiality, privacy and integrity are not violated. Also, there is a lot of research work that is being done in this field in order to devise the new mechanisms of information security and advanced cryptography is being applied across the several channels to make sure that the information security is enhanced. Symmetric key algorithms as well as asymmetric key algorithms are the two types that come under the umbrella of cryptography and have their own sets of pros and cons. It is required to investigate the suitable encryption type that shall be applied for the security of information. In the present times, big intelligence tools such as data mining and a nalytics tools are also being used for the detection of activities on the network (Harale, Meshram, 2016). Network Security Fundamentals and Firewalls There is a lot of information that is exchanged over the network on a daily basis. This information may fall in various categories such as private, confidential, sensitive, public and likewise. There are a lot many information and network security attacks that have been created that impact the properties of the information in a negative manner. These attackers or intruders gain an unauthorized entry in to the secure channels in order to violate the information properties. Intrusion Detection systems are the automated tools that are used to detect the activity of the intruders on a particular network or system. These create alerts to the system experts in case an entry is made by the intruder or any of such attempts is made. There are also various reports that can be extracted from these tools in terms of the data logs, activity logs and likewise. Network Intrusion Detection is the type of intrusion detection systems in which activity on a particular network is detected by the tool. The intrusion detection systems are installed for every single node segment that is present in a network. This tool is therefore responsible for tracking and monitoring the entire network traffic for all the nodes that are present in a particular network. It also does not involve the need to install the software across all the nodes and there is easy to install and involves lesser costs as well. These intrusion detection systems are created in such a manner that these are not dependent upon the operating system for deployment and functioning. The feature and ability make these systems easy to deploy. There are numerous network security attacks that have been created by the attackers such as denial of service attacks, distributed denial of service attacks, man in the middle attack, spoofing attacks and many more. Network based intrusion detection sy stems keep a track of the entire network activity and have therefore been successful in controlling and preventing the network attacks on a particular network. Also, these systems work in the real-time and therefore are efficient of detecting the network activities and malevolent activities in the real-time. Organizations and individual users have recently inclined towards the deployment of the network intrusion detection systems in their architecture in order to avoid and prevent the network attacks. Also, these systems have experienced a lot of advancement and innovation in the recent times and have become efficient to put a check on the network attacks. There are scenarios that have been observed in which the attackers sit on the network in an unauthorized manner and capture the network activity which is later misused by the attackers. Network based intrusion detection systems ensure that such entities are detected and removed from the network. There are also several network security protocols that have been developed and can be tested with the help of network based intrusion detection systems. In such cases, dummy data is passed on to the network to perform some illegal or malicious activity which is then detected by the network based intrusion detection systems. The testing process provides the network experts with an overview of the ability of the system along with the areas of improvements under the same. There are numerous algorithms that are used in the network based intrusion detection systems to make sure that any of the network security attack does not go undetected and is prevented in a timely manner. References Alheyasat, O. (2015). Examination expertise sharing in academic social networks using graphs: the case of ResearchGate. Contemporary Engineering Sciences, 8, 137-151. https://dx.doi.org/10.12988/ces.2015.515 Harale, N., Meshram, D. (2016). Data Mining Techniques for Network Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems. International Journal Of Innovative Research In Computer Science Technology, 175-180. https://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ijircst.2016.4.6.3

Marketing Objectives free essay sample

Marketing objectives define what you want to accomplish through your marketing activities. There are several important factors to consider when establishing effective marketing objectives. When setting objectives it is very important to ensure that your objectives are; specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time specific, or SMART for short. The SMART approach allows you to effectively manage your marketing activities and importantly be able to determine how successful they have been and whether they have delivered the particular benefits sought. SMART Approach = Setting specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time specific objectives The SMART approach is explained to Illustrate how you address each area achieve the set objective. * Specific are your objectives stated In a way that Is precise about what you are hoping to achieve? * Measurable Can you quantify each objective, I. E. Can you use a unit of measure such as market share In percentage or dollars or other to provide a way to check your level of success?Achievable Are your objectives reasonable In terms of what you can actually achieve or are you setting your sights too high? Realistic Do you have sufficient employees and resources to achieve the objectives you have set, if you dont then they are likely to be unrealistic? * Time specific When are you hoping to achieve these objectives, you need to define a timing plan with target timing for each specific objective? * Clearly defined objectives may also provide direction for your employees in terms of wh at to achieve and in what period. We will write a custom essay sample on Marketing Objectives or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page

Students Evaluating Teachers †Education Essay

Students Evaluating Teachers – Education Essay Free Online Research Papers Students Evaluating Teachers Education Essay It is a general fact of education that more and more academic schools encourage students to evaluate and criticize teachers in order to improve the quality of education. I agree insofar as it is beneficial for students to enhance the critical thinking, while others think that it will contribute to a loss of respect and discipline. I concede that academic schools are on the correct side of this issue. After all, the quality of education is the final objective the schools pursue to. It is appropriate to assign to a high priority to the quality of education than to other accessory aspects, such as profit, enrollment. Moreover, this incentive spawns great advantage for the students, which is to enhance the capacity of independent thought, subjective judgement, emotional response, and so forth. Also, the teachers might benefit from these criticisms, which could help them to make possible universal access to their students’ information directly and accurately, and which could serve to put them more in touch with their foibles of teaching. Nevertheless, we are doing more to it irrespective of whether this incentive is acme of perfection from all aspects, the disadvantages of which can be bifurcated into two parts. One is that it may affect the routine of teachers, for the compelling reason that the dogma of criticism might be received continuously by the teachers, who are less concentrated on teaching, and whose energy may be susceptible. Another is that more and more criticism from the students may do a disservice to the confidence of teachers and give them less respect and discipline. To sum up, given above all reasons, there are considerable merits of both sides. What I suggest to do is make sure that while improving the quality of education, the academic schools should consider respect and discipline as the important factor, the function of which serve as important catalyst for adjusting both students and teachers’ behavior and facilitating the studying and teaching effectively and efficiently. Research Papers on Students Evaluating Teachers - Education EssayStandardized TestingPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfResearch Process Part OneBringing Democracy to AfricaRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andDefinition of Export QuotasHip-Hop is Art

A report on dry bulk shipping

A report on dry bulk shipping Shipping is indubitably one of the fascinating industries in the world. It requires vast knowledge and skill to cop up with the day to day operations because of the complexity of the industry and its dependence on world economics. Dry Bulk ships carry dry cargoes in bulk from one port to another and can be categorised into handysize,  handymax,  panamax,  capesize, and very large bulk and ore carriers according to their sizes. The performance of the bulk shipping market depends on the demand for and supply of bulk shipping services, as well as the characteristics of the market structure. The importance of shipping cycle in case of dry bulk carrier is that they plays a vital part in the economics of shipping industry by managing the investment risk in an industry ,where there is large uncertainty about the future (Stopford,2009) Section 1 Literature Review One of the major aspects affecting the future of dry bulk shipping is the quality and the safety perspective. Nominal freig ht differentiation between ‘quality’ and ‘other’ tonnage has been observed occasionally and much services has been paid to promoting the need for younger and safer ships (Tamvakis  and Thanopoulou,2000) Another factor that can influence maritime flows of dry bulk commodity is seasonality patterns .Spot rates for bigger vessels shows higher seasonal variations compared to smaller vessels, although differences in seasonal fluctuations between sectors are removed as the contract duration increases.   (Kavussanos and Alizadeh,2001) Investing in shipping industry has an entirely new aspect by the introduction of private equity and the development of a hedging strategy, now this can be treated as a portfolio optimization problem. The freight futures provide a comparatively novel medium for hedging risk in  dry bulk  shipping markets. New uprising financial strategies in dry bulk shipping in future can revolutionize the entire market.( Cullinane,1995) Dura tion analysis done by Bijwaard G.E and Knapp.S provides an insight to the effectiveness of prolonging ship lives and the empirical data solidifies the idea about the life span of dry bulk carrier. Life span is an important aspect in predicting the ship cycle(Bijwaard and Knapp,2009)Scrapping of ship is done at a particular time and this is done when the ship is retired from the current use or when shipping cycle demands it. Gain and losses after the scrapping of a ship . entirely depends on the market condition. Demand of Dry bulk shipping is always related to the scrapping industry.(Knapp,2008) The Government is proposing that the UK’s CO2 emissions should fall by at least 80% by 2050 . Release of exhaust gases and particles from oceangoing  ships is an important and growing provider to the total emissions from the transportation sector. New strategies like slow steam, alternate fuel and new logistic approach like jumbo ore carriers etc will be used in future to make the s hipping sector more eco friendly(Eyring et al,2010) Research Hypothesis Marine flow of dry bulk goods in 2050 will be largely influenced on numerous factors and the background study done above concretes this statement. From the background study done above following hypothesis are made.

Stop-and-Search Rights Unveiled Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Stop-and-Search Rights Unveiled - Essay Example Merseyside Police Authority says the decrease compared to the previous year is reflective of the fact that stop and search powers are used more selectively and consistently in line with force policy. The arrest rate rose from 10.9% to 14.6%. Publication Information: Article Title: Stop-and-Search Rights Unveiled; Officers Can Be Asked for Written Record. Newspaper Title: Daily Post. Publication Date: March 22, 2005. Page Number: 2. COPYRIGHT 2005 MGN Ltd.; COPYRIGHT 2005 Gale Group He also aims to increase the current 33 policemen and women from ethnic minorities in a force of 2,973 officers, at the same time as working with multicultural communities of Cardiff and Swansea to the valleys of south Wales. Here he tells the Welsh Mirror of the challenges facing him in his new job.I'm very excited. It's something new for myself and also for the force. I've enjoyed working with the police when I was director of the rural race equality project in the south-west of England. They will have needs which are unique to those living in rural communities. The approach in the country will have to be different because the issues in rural areas will be different to the ones in Cardiff and Swansea. Publication Information: Article Title: My Fight to Bring Equality and Race Harmony to ... There were a total of 47,106 stop and searches on Merseyside between April 2002 and March 2003. Stops started being recorded in Sefton under the new guidelines, known as Recommendation 61, on April 1, 2003. There were 19,601 stop and searches recorded between April 2003 and March 2004. Merseyside Police Authority says the decrease compared to the previous year is reflective of the fact that stop and search powers are used more selectively and consistently in line with force policy. The arrest rate rose from 10.9% to 14.6%. The new system will mean some extra costs, as yet undisclosed for Merseyside Police -1- Questia Media America, Inc. www.questia.com Publication Information: Article Title: Stop-and-Search Rights Unveiled; Officers Can Be Asked for Written Record. Newspaper Title: Daily Post. Publication Date: March 22, 2005. Page Number: 2. COPYRIGHT 2005 MGN Ltd.; COPYRIGHT 2005 Gale Group My Fight to Bring Equality and Race Harmony to Wales; UNIQUE ROLE FOR NEW MAN. by Nick Servini WALES'S biggest police force has named Mohammed Dhalech as its new race advisor - the only one outside London's Metropolitan Police. South Wales Police is the first force to take the lead set by the Stephen Lawrence Inquiry report. Mohammed will deal with ethnic minorities - as well as help stamp out race within the force. His role is to give expert advice to Chief Constable Tony Burden and senior officers when they deal with race-related crimes. He also aims to increase the current 33 policemen and women from ethnic minorities in a force of 2,973 officers, at the same time as working with multicultural communities of Cardiff and Swansea to the valleys

State of the Economi in Bosnia Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

State of the Economi in Bosnia - Case Study Example It also ensures that the graduates accomplish their master’s degree in a short time and thus enable them to access the job market in the shortest time possible. This short program has various disadvantages, which includes generation, of little revenue on a student basis compared with the long program model. The shorter model will ensure that the students finish as quickly as possible and give room for new ones to join the school. This would provide an opportunity to the College to earn extra income and complement the one that would be earned by the long program. The short model would offer ten courses in a period of eleven months while the long would offer sixteen courses in a period twenty months. Most of the students would be interested in the ten courses model since they pay a premium over the other schools offering graduate management education. Since most of the students want to concentrate on other issues like seeking for employment, people would adopt the shorter model since it would take those two years which is a relatively short period to accomplish their studies. Discounted Cash Flow Analysis A Discounted Cash Flow method of valuation estimates the credibility of an investment that is worth investing. In a case where the value that one arrives at through this DCF method is higher than the cost of investment, then the opportunity is viable. Discounted Cash Flow= 425,000-87,250/ (1+0.15) + 350,000-87250/ (1+0.15)2 = 735,899.375 US dollars. One achieves this amount after taking the revenue that the organization realizes after an enrolment of 25 students for both programs. The tuition for each cohort is $ 17,000 for the short program and $ 14,000 for the long program. The students prefer the short program since taking part of the program is of little value with regard to enhancement of their career prospects. The students should ensure that they complete their course since it if finishing that counts with MBA. One finds that the models are realist ic and worth investing in since the DCF amount is favourable. Since the amount of revenue that these two projects would generate, is higher than the cost of investing, the project is, therefore, viable and worth venturing. Consideration of other firms who offer Masters in Business Administration, in the country, also provides vital information concerning investing in the project. It will provide the expected price that should be charged in the market and the expected level of expenses that the college should incur in the process of running the programs. Pros of the long program The long program will generate reasonable profits to the school in case a reasonable number of students join the program. This will ensure that the school develops due to availability of resources that it develops through making profits. It is also cheaper where compared with a short program and students can easily raise the fees with a lot of struggles. The administration distributes tuition fee over a longe r duration of time. The students undertaking the long program has a possibility of performing well since they have few courses to concentrate on in a long duration of time. Cons of the long program The long program takes a reasonably longer time when compared to the short program. It requires a large amount of capital for investment since the number of costs involved in running the program is higher. Pros of the short program The short program saves time for students and equips them with the MBA degree which they will use to secure employment opportunities in the job market. This gives them competitive advantage when compared with the long program students who spend a lot of time in school. The students also finish their course in a relatively short

The systems development life cycle Essay Example for Free

The systems development life cycle Essay THE SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE A system has various stages of development called the system development life cycle. This cycle consists of four stages: Planning and investigation, analysis, design and implementation, follow up, and maintenance stages. Planning and investigation involves an investigation of an already created system, organizing a system study team and developing strategic plans for the rest of the study. The analysis portion of the life cycle consists of analyzing the company’s current system in order to determine the information needs, strengths, and weaknesses of the existing system. The design stage of the life cycle consists of the changes that eliminate or minimize the current systems flaws and weaknesses while increasing or preserving the strengths. Implementation, follow up and maintenance includes obtaining resources for the new systems as well as training new or existing employees to use it. Companies then conduct follow up studies to determine whether or not the new system is successful and to identify any new problems with it. Of course, businesses must maintain the system like correcting minor flaws and updating the system. There is not really a distinct way to determine when the stage is reached or even completed, which is why it is called a cycle because it is continuous. For example, follow up studies of a system should be a continuous process. Companies constantly reevaluate systems to make sure they work the way they should because if problems in the system  re-surface or a new problem appears the life cycle starts over again starting with the system study. Also, since the system study is based off of already existing systems it is a never ending cycle so there is no real way to know when the cycle is completed or a certain stage reached. Often businesses will perform two or more stages of the life cycle simultaneously so multiple stages can be reached at once and the steps of the life cycle do not necessarily always happen in order. These stages of system development make up its life style, planning and investigation, analysis, design and implementation, follow up, and maintenance and are all necessary stages for a systems success.

Trade Show Intelligence Essay -- Marketing, Competitive Intelligence

Trade show intelligence Introduction Many organizations that offer products and services in their individual markets are involved in the practice of gathering data and information about their rivals or competitors. This practice is common in trade shows and other similar exhibition events. Trade shows offer a rich source of actionable information and most organizations know this and thus; their participation therein is crucial in order to adapt to their environment and keep up with their market (Calof, 2004). The aim of this paper is to discuss trade shows by focusing on how the most actionable information can be gathered from trade shows to enable better decision making and adaptation to changing environments. Firstly, a brief description of trade shows and trade show intelligence is provided, followed by the benefits and problems of trade and lastly; recommendations on forming an appropriate information collection and analysis team are provided. What is meant by trade show intelligence? Bonoma describes trade shows as a marketing tool whereby organizations and vendors are invited to participate to showcase their products and services in an exhibition setting (Bonoma, 1983). They are events organized solely for the purpose of marketing and information sharing, where competitors and partners are in direct contact with each other. As mentioned in the last paragraph, organizations are actively collecting information on each other’s strategies and operations. This allows them to identify trends and predict changes in their environments in order to become flexible and remain in operation (Calof, 2004; Cherry & Gardner, 2002). Trade shows are important for this reason, they provide organizations with â€Å"†¦the best opportunity for coll... ...ormation from trade shows (Calof, 2004). Once the trade show is over and information has been collected, it will be time to return to the office and analyze the results. A follow up can be made on formed relationships; agents can use these relationships to collect more data in the future. Since these agents will actively be involved in CI even after the trade show; these formed relationships can be of advantage to them. Conclusion To conclude, trade show intelligence is a sub-concept of competitive intelligence that allows organizations to use actionable information to change their position in the market, maintain it or make strategic decisions. A dedicated CI team made up of CI agents that understand the full context of the information needs derived from Key intelligence topics is required to collect the data and bring it back to the organization for analysis.

Pricing Strategy and Channel Distribution Essay

Pricing Strategy and Channel Distribution Senior Concierge Services Kelly Spino Strayer University Dr. Robert Badowski Abstract Determine and discuss a pricing strategy (penetration or skimming). Determine and discuss pricing tactics (product line pricing, value pricing, differential pricing, or competing against private brands) to be used for your product. Identify any legal and ethical issues related to the pricing tactics. Prepare a marketing distribution channel analysis identifying the wholesaler, distributor, and retailer relationships. Discuss how the distribution strategy fits the product/service, target market, and overall marketing objectives for the company. As a service business, Senior Concierge Service will offer non medical care and maintenance for senior citizens and their families. This type of service business does not have many competitors, and pricing is consistent among the senior care industry. The pricing strategy for Senior Concierge Service will be to stay within the normal range for its services. Consumers will choose Senior Concierge Service over the competition not by cost, but by the quality of services offered. Price skimming is a pricing strategy in which a marketer sets a relatively high price for a product or service at first, and then the price is lowered over time. This is a version of price discrimination. Price skimming allows a business to recover its resources quickly before a competitor moves in and lowers their prices, lowering the market price. The objective of a price skimming strategy is to capture the consumer surplus. There are several potential problems with this strategy. It is effective only when a business is facing an inelastic demand curve (demand that is not very sensitive to a change in price). Skimming encourages the entry of competitors. Penetration pricing is a more suitable strategy in this case. This strategy is a pricing technique of setting a relatively low initial entry price, often lower than the market price, to attract new customers. This strategy works on the probability that customers will switch to the new business because of the lower price. Penetration pricing is most commonly associated with a marketing objective of increasing market hare or sales volume, rather than to make profit in the short term. This can take the competition by surprise, not giving them time to react. It can also create goodwill among the early customer segment. This can create more trade through word of mouth. Ethical thinking is responding to situations that deal with principles concerning human behavior in respect to the appropriateness and inappropriate ness of certain communication and to the decency and indecency of the intention and results of such actions (distinctions between right and wrong). Marketers are ethically responsible for what is marketed and the image that a product portrays. Marketers need to understand what good ethics are and how to incorporate good ethics in various marketing campaigns to better reach a targeted audience and to gain trust from customers. (Wikipedia. com) Unethical or controversial marketing strategies include: bait and switch, pyramid scheme, planned obsolescence, lock-in/ loyalty schemes, viral marketing, and, monopolies/oligopolies. In retail sales, a bait and switch is a form of fraud in which the party putting forth the fraud lures in customers by advertising a product or service at an unprofitably low price, and then reveals to potential customers that the advertised good is not available but that a substitute is. A pyramid scheme is a non-sustainable business model that involves the exchange of money primarily for enrolling other people into the scheme, without any product or service being delivered. Pyramid schemes are a form of fraud. The scheme collapses when no more people are willing to join the pyramid Planned obsolescence is the process of a product becoming obsolete or non-functional after a certain period or amount of use in a way that is planned or designed by the manufacturer. The purpose of planned obsolescence is to hide the real cost per use from the consumer, and charge a higher price than they would otherwise be willing to pay, or would be unwilling to spend all at once. For industries, planned obsolescence stimulates demand by encouraging purchasers to buy sooner if they still want a functioning product. In business, vendor lock-in or customer lock-in, makes a customer dependent on a vendor for products and services, unable to use another vendor without substantial switching costs. Lock-in costs which create barriers to market entry may result in antitrust action against a monopoly. Loyalty programs include frequent flier miles or points systems associated with credit card offers that can be used only with the original company, creating a perceived loss or cost when switching to a competitor. Most programs are able to get consumers to spend more money just to get to free or bonus item. Viral marketing and viral advertising refer to marketing techniques that use pre-existing social networks to produce increases in brand awareness. It can be word-of-mouth delivered or enhanced by the network effects of the Internet. Monopolies and oligopolies often use anti-competitive practices, which can have a negative impact on the economy. This is why company mergers are often examined closely by government regulators to avoid reducing competition in an industry. Since this business caters to seniors and their families, it is especially important for Senior Concierge Services to represent quality, value and confidence in its services and staff. The success of this company depends on compassionate, trustworthy, conscientious, and ethical care givers providing non-medical in-home care. A different take on the loyalty program would allow customers to receive a discount after x amount of service visits or when prepaying for multiple services. A marketing distribution channel analysis is a means used to transfer merchandise from the manufacturer to the end user. An intermediary in the channel is called a middleman. Channels normally range from two-level channels without intermediaries to five-level channels with three intermediaries. Intermediaries in the channel of distribution are used to facilitate the delivery of the merchandise as well as to transfer title, payments, and information about the merchandise. Distribution describes all the logistics involved in delivering a company’s products or services to the right place, at the right time, for the lowest cost. For many products and services, their manufacturers or providers use multiple channels of distribution. Well-chosen channels constitute a significant competitive advantage, while poorly conceived or chosen channels can doom even a superior product or service to failure in the market. Distribution channels may not be restricted to physical products alone. They may be just as important for moving a service from producer to consumer in certain sectors, since both direct and indirect channels may be used. There have also been some innovations in the distribution of services, such as an increase in franchising and in rental services. There has also been some indication hat service integration can benefit many providers. Senior Concierge Services will look to link with other service providers to create a mutually beneficial arrangement. Medical providers, beauticians, landscapers and general contractors would all be a good fit with the services offered. A distribution strategy defines how a business is going to create and satisfy demand for its products; how a business is going to move produ cts from point of creation to points of consumption, in a cost-effective manner; as well as defining how a business is going to manage its brand. Today’s customers shop and buy very differently than ever before. Access to high-quality information, via the internet, combined with their heightened price sensitivity, has created customers that are more sophisticated, better informed and often times, more demanding than customers of the past. A distribution strategy must be in sync with how the customers of Senior Concierge Service want to shop for services. Franchising is an option worth considering. For a fee, a small business owner can take advantage of the marketing research completed at the corporate level.

Television Is a Great Invention

Some people say television is the worst inventions of modern times. They make this assertion for some reasons. The following points are some of them. First, they think that televisions make people more passive than before. Second, they think televisions contribute to the fact that people are more distant to each other. To begin with, I must admit that the first point is reasonable. With a television all you need to do—and all you can do is to sit on a comfortable sofa and look at the screen. People are becoming more passive simply because there is no interaction and no efforts on them. Everything contains good side and bad side and television has no exception. Yeah, of course, it makes people lazier and passive. They just watch things on TV instead of doing by themselves. But apart from that, television is by all means a great invention. There is only a minority of people who can watch some events on the scene, like some live matches and competitions . So how can the rest of people participate in the events far from the place the events happen? Of course through television which all people are legal and free to enjoy can we do so. In addition, to people who want to travel but with no money, television is undoubtedly a great thing through which people can see the world only by sitting ideally at home. To the second point, I want to say that it is true. Televisions do make people less close to each other. Family get-togethers and conversations are disturbed by TV—when one member is watching TV, he would like others to keep quiet. But everyone have time when he or she is alone. Television alienates people not so much as it provides all kinds of relaxation and entertainment for people when they are alone. Although television addict some adolescents to situation comedies; although televisions put glasses on millions of students' noses; although television reduce communications between families and friends, the advantages of television are far more than the harm it does to us. To us individuals, when we finish a whole day's work and feel exhausted both physically and mentally, we may turn on televisions and have a good relaxation; when we want to get information on sports?entertainment or large events in the world, we turn on televisions and get it from all kinds of TV programs; even when we want to learn English?etiquette or custom of foreign countries, we can turn on the television and get what we need from them, always. In a word, I think television is a great invention which is of great significance to the evolution of human society. References: http://www.oppapers.com/essays/Television-Great-Invention/100718 http://www.media-awareness.ca/english/parents/television/good_things_tv.cfm http://articles.famouswhy.com/the_benefits_and_dangers_of_television/ http://wenda.tianya.cn/wenda/thread?tid=24535823bd68dd80 http://wenwen.soso.com/z/q138729005.htm

Caring for individuals with additional needs Essays

Caring for individuals with additional needs Essays Caring for individuals with additional needs Paper Caring for individuals with additional needs Paper In this assignment I am going to describe four models of disability; Social, Medical, Normalisation and the Holistic approach. I shall include barriers and explain how and why they occur and give examples. Finally I am going to assess different barrier which exist for people with additional needs. The term additional needs is used by health and care professionals and it means that some children and adults may need other things to help them; it could be that their first language isnt English so they need an interpretator, or it might be that they cant walk very far so they need a wheelchair. It is a wide range of things and it doesnt make anyone different- we all have additional needs, some are more needed than others. The social model of disability was created by disabled people themselves; it was a first response to how society reacts to them being different, but also of how doctors and those in the health care profession treat them because they have a disability. The model says that society is the problem, those with disabilities arent the sufferer, the person is capable to look after themselves and make decisions and that they are equal to those without disabilities. For example; (using the case study of Hannah), from the social models point of view Hannah isnt a disabled person; it is the environment that makes her life difficult as it doesnt always provide what she needs to live a normal life. She might not be able to live in a house that she wants to live in due to it not being adapted to her needs; lower sinks, baths, hand rails, stair lifts, living in a bungalow may be too expensive, she may need more care- badly designed buildings may also be a factor. The social model accepts that these are all problems as to why Hannah cant live in a normal house and having to get the house adapted to her needs may cause problems. The social model allows people with disabilities look at themselves in a positive way; the model aims to increase self-esteem and independence. It ignores that they have a disability and regardless of this, it helps reinforce that everyone should have equal opportunities. There are advantages and disadvantages of the social model, advantages are; it makes the person more independent, it looks at the person and their needs not their disability, their medical needs are overlooked- the fact that they are in a wheelchair etc isnt a problem in the social model, the person isnt the problem- society is and the way society runs. The model tries to change the environment and factors around them, not the person and their disability to suit the environment. Another advantage is that it is cost effective putting stair lifts in, lower sinks, hand rails- if the person decides to move, they could sell/rent the property out to an elderly person, this would help them greatly or even to another person with a disability, it lasts a long time and replacements wont have to be made. The model also tells people about disability and how people do feel singled out- this can help people understand and gain more knowledge. The social model also says that the person can do that if they change the environment, not that they cant do it because they have a disability, it shows that even if you have a disability you can still do things. Disadvantages of the model are that it is expensive- it may help the person to change the environment, putting stair lifts and getting those carers etc but this can be expensive for the person and for the government, agencies and organisations. It can be time consuming and time that the person may not have spare due to other commitments, or not being able to get to and from the house that they want to live in- this can also be costly. Finding care can be hard, and finding someone to fit the requirements that would help the person, also moving someone from a care home or from their parents house to their own house can be stressful not on the family but also on the family. In addition to this, the family may have to care for the person who can be time consuming and relationships within the family itself may be strained. The Medical model is the second model of disability. This model says that the problem is that they are disabled, and that only medicine and science can treat them. That the person will have to adapt to society, and they will be labelled- learning disabled, paraplegic, autistic, partially deaf, deaf, blind etc. The doctors have all the knowledge and power over you, and you are not equal. The medical model is regarded as an approach that doesnt give people power if they have a disability whether it is severe or not despite advances in science and medicine that have improved the lives of people who have disabilities. From the point of view of the medical model; Hannah (case study), is a disabled person who needs looking after due to her disability, not because she is an actual human being who has needs. She may need round the clock care, agencies will have to work together to help her condition not to help her, she may need treatment from doctors, and tests doing to her. She may not want this doing- but doctors see this as an advantage to science and their knowledge if something does help her (like a treatment), they can then use this to help others in similar situations. The medical model doesnt see Hannah as having needs, they see her as someone with a disability, and this is all they focus on. If she gets care, it will primarily help her condition not her as a person and her life. There are advantages and disadvantages to the medical model; advantages are- advances in science and medicine will help the persons condition, this can have a great impact on their life (in a good way), the medical model can help them lead a normal life, or as close to a normal life as possible; if they get given a wheelchair to move about, they can still get around and do things for themselves and adapt to society without changing society. Disadvantages of the model are; that the model doesnt see the person for their needs, it focuses on their disability first and then their needs. It says that the person should adapt to the environment, however sometimes this isnt always possible. A disadvantage could be that tests, medicine etc is expensive and the person may not be able to afford it if the NHS wont fund it for them anymore, e. g. if their wheelchair keeps breaking, they may have to keep paying for replacements. It labels those with disabilities, most people dont like to have a label, and they want to be seen as a person not as someone who has something wrong with them that is usually not their fault. Normalisation involves the acceptance of those with disabilities, offering them the same conditions you would offer everyone else without a disability making sure you treat them equal. The model was developed as a reaction to policies that were dehumanising- meaning that some policies degraded those with disabilities. People with additional needs and disabilities want to live a normal live and not get judged by it, or have a label like they would in the medical model. The model is about making those with disabilities equal and trying to get them to have a life that is as normal as possible; it is giving people with disabilities the same choices and opportunities as everyone else. The model stresses that those without disabilities or additional needs to be accepted and valued, it also strongly believes that those without disabilities should let those with disabilities to what they can do, not saying that they cant do something because they are in a wheelchair etc. Normalisation played a key role in movements both for education and for empowerment meaning that those with disabilities are in charge of what they do within education- whether they go to a special school or a main stream school. The medical model attracted much criticism from disabled rights groups who claimed it oppresses those with disabilities, because of this, people started to think differently about disability and a new model emerged this is called the Social Model. The social model says that society puts up barriers that prevent disabled people from participating; this links into the Normalisation model because the social model wants to provide a normal life for those with disabilities and the social model wants social acceptance from society for those who have disabilities. There are several advantages and disadvantages of Normalisation. Advantages are that the model wants everyone to be normal and no one to be better than another, due to a disability. The model emphasises the importance of equality, they want to make sure that people arent just having a normal as possible life, but making sure they are treated equal as well. The people who believe in Normalisation, can work with those who believe in the social model and work together and they could together make points stronger and ensure people arent labelled etc. Disadvantages are that some people are happy with their life and living it their way, they may not want someone coming in and making them fit this normal category that is seen as the best way to live. A major disadvantage is that the model was developed as a reaction to the policies that degraded those with disabilities, not because people wanted those with disabilities to live a normal life and to be treated equal. The holistic approach is an approach that helps those who are dealing with people with disabilities have the care basically all about them, it is person centred care. Holistic care is care that considers the physical, emotional, and social needs of the disabled person. Holistic care focuses on all aspects of the persons life, not just the disability. For example; using Hannah (case study), she may feel lonely and confused about her disability, she may wonder why it is her that has the disability. Her care workers may offer her counselling to deal with emotional stress and problems that she may have, she may need support off her family and friends and this may include seeing them (social), this could make her feel better about herself. However, to see them this may require special arrangements, like transport or a care worker; this may take assessing and this may also take time and money- this may make her feel angry and annoyed that she is in a wheelchair/disabled etc; however staff should make this happen as it what she wants and her needs. Holistic care is important for those with disabilities, as like the normalisation and social model, it focuses on the persons needs and what they want. It puts the persons needs first and then their disability. Advantages of the model are that it focuses on the person and their needs; it focuses on all aspects of their life; this may lead the person to feel valued and wanted, despite their disability they have some purpose in life. Disadvantages is that person centred care/holistic care can be expensive because staff members that work at the care home may have to make extra time to ensure that everyone has holistic care that helps their needs and makes them feel wanted etc. There are several barriers that those with disabilities and additional needs may come across. A barrier basically means something that restricts a person from doing something. Discrimination includes stereotyping and labelling, this links in with the medical model. The Disability discrimination act 1995, amended in 2005, is a piece of legislation that empowers those with additional needs to have equal opportunities as everyone else. Mr Blunkett was a member of parliament who was blind. The social model backs up the right that he should still be able to work and do his job even though he is blind, reasonable adjustments should be made when he is at work so he can do his job. This could include giving him a stick to get around, putting Braille on doors so he knows where they are, putting notes from meeting etc on a tape so he can listen to them and in Braille if necessary. Employment is another barrier that people may face; the employer may feel like they are a barrier to employment and that the person who wants to become their employee thinks that cant do the job because of the persons disability. The employer may make up excuses as to why the person wont be getting the job- all revolved around their disability, for example- it may cost more to get the disability person insured on their insurance, the company may not want to spend more money on someone, the place of work were the person with the disability wants to work- it may not have sufficient ramps, lifts, lower desks, bathrooms that are big enough for the person to go into with the wheelchair. The person shouldnt be getting a job due to their disability, it should be due to the person in general- they might not have enough qualifications etc, there should be reasons that dont relate to their disability. All people disabled or not, should have opportunities. For example; if a person is disabled and their school tutor group is going on holiday, and they get told they cant go because of their disability as they are in a wheelchair, this would be illegal as the Equal Opportunities Act 2010 (replaced by the 1999 Equal opportunities act), it means that under this act, everyone should have equal opportunities. In addition to this; reasonable adjustments should be made for the person to be able to go on holiday. Barriers could be that insurance is too high, health and safety is an issue, more staff might be needed and it could also be costly. This links into the holistic model as the care needed for the person to go on holiday will be centred on them and their needs. It also links with the normalisation model as going on holiday is a normal thing to do. Cultural barriers are ones that are against the person for a certain reason, it could be due to the colour of their skin, or the foods they eat due to coming from a certain background. For example; if a disabled person is from Pakistan and they are living in a residential home and the other people who they are with are having pizza for tea, and the person who is from Pakistan doesnt like pizza, then the care workers should have something else for them to eat, something they like, the person shouldnt put this on their disability. This relates to the holistic model as the care should be relating to their needs and what they like and dislike. Physical access for a disabled person may mean being able to use a lift, however- if there isnt a lift to use then this would be a barrier. There should be other ways for the person to access, like stair lifts. For example, if a person who is in a wheelchair wants to do a night course at a college and because it is a old building, it hasnt been updated with a lift or stair lifts, the person who wants to do the night course cant do it because of this barrier, however the class should be moved to the ground floor so that the person can still attend the night course and it wont cost the college any money in putting lifts in. This is allowing physical access for the person. This is normalisation for the person as it is allowing the person to lead a normal life and go to college, and also the social model- it allows them to socialise. The medical model relates to the attitudes that are displayed towards those with disabilities and additional needs, this could be stereotyping towards someone because they are in a wheelchair, patronising them and making them feel like they are a child because they arent normal, just focusing on their disability and what the disability means they cant do, rather focusing on what they can do. Peoples attitudes against disability are rather one sided, like the medical models labels people, but the social model says that society is the problem- society needs to adapt to those with disabilities. A barrier that those with additional needs or a disability could face is communication. A barrier to communication could be that they dont speak English or know limited English; they might need to get a translator in to help with this. If someone has Autism, they will need to use PECs, (picture exchange communication system), this is a non-verbal way of communicating and is effective for those who have autism, this is overcoming a barrier to communication. Financial barriers could be that the person who is in a wheelchair, cant afford to pay for a ramp outside their house themselves so they may need help of the local council, they might not have the chance to go on holiday as it could be expensive. Rest bite care could mean that the family will get a break from having to look after them and they could go on trips and have choice. Lack of choice could mean that they cant do everything that they want to do, say if they want to go shopping and the place doesnt have public access for them this would mean they cant go there.

Othello - Character Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Othello - Character Analysis - Essay Example With this dark side he is also very extroverted, and not very bright. He isn't observant and the schemes of Iago work well on him. Though he doesn't brood too much on his past, except occasional ventures of wars fought, he does let his emotions run his life. "Othello's condition as a black man--whatever shade of blackness he was--is further complicated by his condition as a colonial subject who wishes to adopt western culture. The play dramatizes the apparently unlimited possibilities of self-fashioning available to man in the Renaissance, only to deconstruct this optimistic self-fashioning or self-creation when race issues come into play. It is Iago's exploitation of the politics of colour and of Othello's double nature (proper to a colonial subject) that brings about Othello's downfall." ( Ana Mara Manzanas , Miscelnea: A Journal of English and American Studies Vol. 17 ,1996) For all the dangers and encounters he has been involved in, this man is still naive of the corruptness of people around him. Othello has a trusting nature in which he gives it all. He put all his trust in Iago during times of war and during Othello's marriage to Desdemona. This wasn't very wise of Othello, even if he wasn't trusting or more corrupt he still wouldn't realize Iago was lying. Everyone considered Iago as honest, and would be out of character for Othello to believe any different. One Othello's strong characteristic is the ability to take control over any situation. For example, when Barbantino comes to kill him he shows astounding power by saying: "Hold your hands, both of you of my inclining and the rest. Were it my cue to fight, I should have known it without a prompter" (I, ii, lines 80-3) Through the whole first act he is portrayed as a man with so much power and natural leadership and the drastic change in his personality towards the end is unbelievable. For example, when Lodovico had witnessed Othello hit Desdemona, he said: "Is this the noble Moor whom our full Senate Call all in all sufficient Is this the nature Whom passion could not shake whose solid virtue The shot of accident nor dart of chance could neither graze nor pierce" (IV, i, lines 264-8) Another place where Shakespeare shows Othello taking control over a situation is when Cassio and Montano are fighting after Roderigo antagonized him. You must feel sorrow for Othello because with all the power he has and the endless trust he gives, you try to reach out and show him the truth. Taylor makes an apt comparison with King Lear and Hamlet as follows: "There is no ferocity in Othello; his mind is majestic and composed. He deliberately determines to die; and speaks his last speech with a view of showing his attachment to the Venetian state, though it had superseded him. Schiller has the material Sublime; to produce an effect, he sets you a whole town on fire, and throws infants with their mothers into the flames, or locks up a father in an old tower. But Shakspere drops a handkerchief, and the same or greater effects follow. Lear is the most tremendous effort of Shakspere as a poet; Hamlet as a philosopher or meditator and Othello is the union of the two. There is something gigantic and unformed in the former two; but in the latter, everything assumes its due place and proportion, and the whole mature powers of his mind are displayed in admirable equilibrium". ( COLERIDGE, SAMUEL TAYLOR, 1822, Table Talk, Dec. 29). Othello had a dominant streak of jealousy in him. He was told

PSYCHOLGOY ( MOTHERS WHO KILL THEIR CHILDREN) Assignment

PSYCHOLGOY ( MOTHERS WHO KILL THEIR CHILDREN) - Assignment Example Since, this is abnormal and unacceptable for a sensible mother. However, the discussion coupled with much time and money spend to yield to a valid reason why infanticide occurrences; this rests with forces of society, besides health complications. Primarily, society contributes immensely to infanticide than one’s mental incapability, which emanates from stress prompted by child’s responsibilities involved (White & Meyer 24). Psychologists, medical practitioners and scholars, via numerous researches from the past, have lacked valid reason why a mother would opt for an infanticide. All what they hold to are speculations, which range from social to medical disorders, and they normally recommend medical check up as an absolute remedy (White & Meyer 73). Conversely, a paternal killing prompts the society to wail loudly for a speedy and tough action against the offender. Speculations arrived at for an infanticide especially from mother’s perspective encompass societal, like depression emanating from salvaging a breaking relationship due to the childs presence (Ian 75). Other occasions may be due to harsh treatment by her spouse where she wants to retaliate to what she has undergone, hence killing the baby. Mothers sometimes due to their immense mercy may opt for infanticide due to what they speculate the child will suffer in the absence of required necessities (Shelton, Yvonne & Kathleen 23). To date, despite numerous and intensive studies, they have not concluded concrete reasons meant for maternal killings. Since, this remains a mystery bearing in mind that the safest people with a child are the biological parents. The world elite to date and in the future will remain to be making mere speculations regarding the causes and remedy for infanticide (White & Meyer 20). Shelton, Joy Lynn E., Yvonne Muirhead, & Kathleen E. Canning. Ambivalence Toward Mothers Who Kill: An Examination Of 45 U.S. Cases

Rhetorical Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 3

Rhetorical Analysis - Essay Example In her article backed up by frequent rhetoric, Laura Tyson points out how the assumptions made by pro-profit advocates fail to account for the environmental context and their stakeholders, including customers, society, and shareholders. As such greater social responsibility and concern is beneficial for organizations, if anything, because social well-being correlates to empowered consumers, ethical employees, effective governments, and sound social infrastructure. The article highlights many organizations such as Apple that have made efforts in order to enhance workplace conditions for their global employees in an effort to put their image in a positive light and thus increase sales by maintaining goodwill (Tyson, 2013). Therefore, the article mainly aims to point out that social responsibility is not reducing the competitiveness of organizations but is actually doing the opposite by providing them with a competitive advantage. The article by Laura Tyson (2013) is an argument against profit maximization as opposed to social responsibility. Laura Tyson has therefore adopted rhetorical strategies in order to communicate her point persuasively. These specifically include the usage of ethos and logos frequently as compared to emotional rhetoric characterized by pathos. The argument is geared towards proving the point that profit maximization is not the sole purpose of capitalistic organizations but organizations also have obligations towards their stakeholders, including customers, shareholders, and society. Laura Tyson first highlighted the stance held by Milton Friedman and Robert Simons before proceeding to present an argument against their case. Laura Tyson has regularly backed up her claims by citing empirical studies that support her claims. Hence the usage of rhetorical strategies is evident in Tyson’s argument as she has tried to make a case against profit maximization by organizations. Laura Tyson

The Japanese ceramic Essay Example for Free

The Japanese ceramic Essay The Japanese ceramic bowls in LACMA’s permanent collection show a clear difference between the pre-1650 stoneware pieces and the slightly later porcelain items. While the stoneware works are more abstract and coarser-looking, generally giving the appearance of folk objects, the porcelain bowls have a delicate, refined appearance indicating their manufacture for the social elites and suggesting their more decorative uses. The oldest bowl, dubbed â€Å"Dish with the Character for ‘Spirit’,† dates from circa 1580 and is a stoneware piece in earth tones, with beige, brown, and white glaze with black calligraphy a design vaguely reminiscent of sun rays. The different sections are drawn somewhat unevenly, attesting to somewhat rough craftsmanship and suggesting that this piece was made for common people. A similar piece, dating from 1578, has a somewhat squared-off rim with blossoms and stripes radiating from the center. Its glaze is also earth-toned and it features a somewhat cryptic design in the center, and the somewhat uneven hand-applied application suggests non-elite workmanship and usage. Another, slightly later stoneware piece (from the early seventeenth century) is a wide, shallow bowl, also with an uneven mouth and abstract design inside. The porcelain pieces, by contrast, reveal much greater detail and refinement. The oldest, named â€Å"Dish with Paulownia Snowflake Design† and dating from the late seventeenth century, is rounder and more symmetrical than the stoneware dishes, and features two multicolored, elaborate snowflake designs (a smaller one in blue and a larger red, green, and blue one that extends off the surface of the vessel). Another contemporary dish has a painting of intricately-decorated blue and white jars against a grayish background; it is similarly symmetrical in shape. The final one, dating from 1830-43, is perhaps the most detailed, showing a map of several islands (one of which dominates the picture) within a sea, whose waves are stylized semi-circles. All feature such close, intricate detail that while they are intended as useful objects, they appear as much decorative as practical and they seem to have been created with more artistic attention (and possibly with more sophisticated manufacturing techniques). The stoneware bowls appear to be functional vernacular objects, given their somewhat rough-hewn appearance. Compared to the porcelain bowls, which appear more decorative and intricately designed, the older pieces appear more practical because of their roughness; one would not be as likely to damage the stoneware bowls or spoil their appearances with stains (which earth-tone glaze would help conceal). The porcelain dishes appear more decorative and, perhaps, less likely to be used for everyday consumption. The stoneware bowls evoke no deep feeling because they are not holy objects and do not include evocative depictions of anything. Instead, they serve as examples of what ordinary Japanese used for routine food consumption. The porcelain items were likely elite objects, since Japan’s ruling classes tended to prefer porcelain, which, according to the museum website, was generally not sold commercially. The stoneware dishes were likely made for and owned by commoners, given their less refined craftsmanship and use of heavy clay rather than delicate porcelain. The latter ones show more of an artist’s hand. The works relate to each other by illustrating what kinds of bowls Japan’s different classes used. The porcelain bowl is an example of elite tastes, while cruder-looking ceramic bowls were more readily available to the population, illustrating the gaps in aesthetic value between objects meant for commoners (who put their through more practical use) and those meant for elites (who could afford to own them for decorative reasons alone). â€Å"LACMA Collections Online. † LACMA: Los Angeles County Museum of Art. 2006. http://collectionsonline. lacma. org/mwebcgi/mweb. exe? request=jump;dtype=i;startat=13.

Stakeholder Analysis Is Important For Toyota Marketing Essay

Stakeholder Analysis Is Important For Toyota Marketing Essay 2.0 INTRODUCTION Business organisations have to take their stakeholders into account in order to succeed in attaining its business goals. The participations and supports from stakeholders are essential to ensure that business operations run smoothly. Stakeholder is any person, group or organisation that will be affected by the business activities and have something to earn or lose with the changes of business operations. Stakeholders include customers, suppliers, distributors, public, community, media, government, etc. 2.1 NEW STRATEGIES FOR TOYOTA According to the case study, Toyota was forced to recall its cars from the US market last year due to faulty brakes. This has affected Toyotas image in the minds of stakeholders. In order to change stakeholders attitude towards Toyota, it has plan on implementing an effective advertising campaign as its new strategy. 2.1.2 ADVERTISING According to wordnetweb.princeton.edu, advertising is defined as a public promotion of some product or service. In other words, advertising is an activity of presenting a product or service to induce people to purchase of it. Advertising is one of marketing tool that is used to sell and promote the products or services of business organisations. Toyota can use advertising campaign to persuade potential customers to purchase the cars produced by its company. Advertising agency can be hired to over view their new product and advertise it to attract the customers. The roles and function of advertising in the communication industry include firstly, to acquire enhanced volumes of sales of products and services. For example, advertising can help Toyota to increase the sales volume of their product by giving pamphlets and brochures to the customers, media advertisement and etc. Secondly, advertising can generate awareness about offerings. For instance, the advertisement in billboards, flyers and media advertisement on Toyota is to attract customers attention and inform customers on the latest promotion. For instance, to introduce a new car model produced by the company. Thirdly, advertising induce trial of a new product and services offered. For example, Toyota Aygo is targeted to the younger generation. Therefore, through its advertisement, it can attract the attention of the youth to purchase and use the car. Fourthly, advertising can also change perception and create reassurance. For example, a good advertisement will make customers feel that t he cars produced by Toyota provides better quality and value compared to the cars which are produced by other companies. Besides that, advertising can also support sales promotional sponsorships and public relations activity, make announcements in public interest, and also motivate and impress trade channels. Advertising is a paid, non personal promotion of a product or service by an advertising agency to inform or persuade a particular target audience. Advertising has evolved to take a variety of forms and has permeated nearly every aspect of modern society. Advertising can take a number of forms, including advocacy, comparative, cooperative, and direct-mail, informational, institutional, outdoor, persuasive, product, reminder, point-of-purchase, and specialty advertising. For instance, Toyota can use the various delivery mechanisms for advertising include banners at sporting events, billboards, Internet Web sites, logos on clothing, magazines, newspapers, radio spots, and television commercials. Through advertising in newspaper and television, Toyota can provide informations to the customer on the models of cars which they offer. This method of advertising can attract large number of people as they are using mass media communication. For example, in newspapers, we can generally see and read the Toyota advertisement regarding the models of cars offered by Toyota and its specifications. Toyota offer quality products at an affordable price. In addition to that, Toyotas television advertising which promotes Toyotas cars that are synonym with quality and sophistication will attract customers to purchase its products. Besides that, Toyota can also use outdoor advertising such as billboards and messages painted on the side of buildings. These are common forms of outdoor advertising, which is often used when quick, simple ideas are being promoted. Since repetition is the key to successful promotion, outdoor advertising is most effective when located along heavily travelled city streets and when the product being promoted can be purchased locally. The advantage of advertising is that it gives the organization total control of the message that will be presented to the audience. 2.2 IMPORTANCE OF STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS Stakeholder analysis is important for Toyota as it helps the organisation to analyse and investigate the interests of stakeholders that might be affected by the companys policy and business operations. Besides that, through the implementation of stakeholder analysis, the potential conflicts and risks that would jeopardise the business operations of the organisation can be identified. In addition to that, a stakeholder analysis assist Toyota in identifying the opportunities and relationships that can be built on between the organisation and its stakeholders during the implementation stage. Furthermore, Toyota can identify the groups that should be supported to take part in the various different stages of the business activities. Moreover, stakeholder analysis aids Toyota in developing appropriate strategies for stakeholder engagement activity by communicating with its stakeholders. Lastly, stakeholder analysis help Toyota in analysing on methods to decrease the negative impacts on vul nerable groups. 2.3 CONCLUSION Stakeholder analysis serves as an important tool to identify and analyse the relationships between several different stakeholders, besides gaining an understanding on their perceptions on key issues. Stakeholders participation is important for the sustainability of an organisation. This is because, the policy and activities of the organisation will be affected if the stakeholders support or oppose to the companys policy. In the case of Toyota USA, its image in the stakeholders minds has dropped due to the recall of its cars from the market. Toyota realised that it has to change the stakeholders attitude and perception of its company, therefore Toyota developed an advertising campaign which serves as its new strategy in order to gain back the shareholders trust of its organisation as one of the market leader in car manufacturing.

No Universal Truth Essay -- Philosophy Religion Essays

No Universal Truth Hume wrote, â€Å"be a philosopher; but, amidst all your philosophy, be still a man,† (qtd. in Jones 351). This statement strikes me more than all others, written by Hume or any of the philosophers from W. T. Jones’ Hobbes to Hume. It demonstrates to me that even after all of the inquisition towards what and how we can know anything, and the very methodical ways in which Hume is reputed to examine these things, he realizes that nothing is truly certain and begins to lean towards a pragmatic and radically empirical point of view. It is, therefore, also my conclusion that, as much as we may aspire to find the universal, indubitable, and objective truth, none of it can be proven to be universal, indubitable, and objective. In support of this view—the â€Å"abandonment of the quest for certainty, acceptance of provisional solutions as long as they work, and readiness to discard them when changing conditions make them no longer appropriate†Ã¢â‚¬â€I will endeavor to briefly examine substance, the self, and the presumed necessary connection of ideas or events (Jones 349). By applying his own empirical criterion of meaning to the examination of such a notably philosophical concept as substance, Hume flat out disposes of the entire notion itself. As has been formerly introduced by Descartes, substance is a fluctuating thing that takes on the same meaning as is best described by that certain je ne sais quoi. It is that certain something you just can’t put your finger on, and â€Å"by substance, we can understand nothing else than a thing which so exists that it needs no other thing in order to exist,â€Å" (qtd. in Jones 174-175). Descartes naturally takes this thing to be God, but never questions the meaning of God or substance a... ... and finally removes reasons for the existence of any connection between any of the ideas which we as a species have always held as being related. Hume also refutes any reason to believe in the existence of an external world, or a world without us, which has not been discussed here. In the end, there is really no reason to believe in the existence of existence, if Hume’s deductions are to be taken quite so seriously. Of course, if that were to be done, none could live as they do. Since Hume himself is concerned with a philosophy that concerns the everyday individual, not even he can truly accept that nothing exists. It is when he reaches this point himself that he realizes one can â€Å"be a philosopher; but, amidst all your philosophy, be still a man,† (qtd. in Jones 351). Works Cited Jones, W. T. Hobbes to Hume. 2nd edition. Fort Worth: Harcourt, 1980.